Strip image_url from persisted session payloads, keep image turns scoped to the active request, and align proxy/vision/page-data paths so WeChat image history does not leak into fresh sessions.
Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
Prevent text-only planning replies from marking WeChat delivery done when
static-page-publish never confirmed a public HTML file.
Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>